1170s in England

Events from the 1170s in England.

Incumbents

Monarch - Henry II of England

Events

• 1170
  • April - Henry holds an inquiry into the financial dealings of his sheriffs.^[1]
  • 14 June - Coronation of Henry the Young King, son of Henry II of England, by Roger, Archbishop of York.^[2]
  • 22 July - There is a reconciliation between Henry II and Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, in Fréteval in Western France.^[2]
  • 21 September - Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke captures Dublin.^[1]
  • 29 December - Murder of Thomas Becket by four of Henry II's knights Reginald Fitzurse, Hugh de Morville, William de Tracy, and Richard le Breton inside Canterbury Cathedral.^[2]
• 1171
  • 16 October - Henry II lands in Ireland and declares himself Lord of Ireland.^[2]
• 1172
  • 17 April - Henry leaves Ireland, having received the support of the Church for his claim.^[1]
  • 21 May - In Avranches Cathedral, Henry II performs a ceremony of penance for the death of Becket, in return for a papal agreement to clear him of the murder.^[3]
• 1173
  • 21 February - Canonisation of Thomas Becket; his tomb becomes a shrine and popular pilgrimage destination.^[1]
  • March - Beginning of the Revolt of 1173–1174, a dispute between Henry II and three of his sons over the territories they control. William I of Scotland invades the North of England in support of the rebellion.^[4]
• 1174
  • 7 April - Richard of Dover enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
  • 12 July - Henry II does penance at Canterbury for the murder of Becket.^[2]
  • 13 July - Battle of Alnwick: William I of Scotland captured after attacking England in support of the revolt.^[1]
  • 30 September - Treaty of Montlouis: the rebellion of Henry II's sons ends peacefully.^[2]
  • December - Treaty of Falaise signed between Henry II and William I of Scotland permits William's release in return for homage.^[1]
  • The choir of Canterbury Cathedral destroyed by fire.^[2]
• 1175
  • Henry's son, Richard, begins to subjugate remaining rebels against English rule in Aquitaine.^[1]
  • October - Treaty of Windsor: Henry II recognises Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair as High King of Ireland in return for payment of tribute.^[1]
• 1176
  • January - The Assize of Northampton passed, making criminal penalties more severe.^[2]
  • Construction of the first stone-built London Bridge.^[5]
• 1177
  • Council of Oxford: Henry II grants Cork, Limerick, and Ulster to English barons, and makes his son, John of England, Lord of Ireland.^[1]
  • 21 September - Pact of Ivry: Non-aggression treaty between England and France, which also lays the foundations for the Third Crusade.^[1]
• 1178
  • Foundation of the first Carthusian abbey in England, at Witham in Somerset.^[1]
• 1179
  • April - Establishment of the Grand Assize, using a jury to decide legal claims over property ownership, instead of trial by combat.^[1]
  • Richard completes the subjugation of Aquitaine.^[1]
  • William the Englishman takes over the rebuilding of the choir and Trinity Chapel of Canterbury Cathedral after the previous architect, William of Sens, is injured in a fall,^[1] introducing the Early English Gothic style of architecture.^[6]

Births

• 1172
  • Aubrey de Vere, 2nd Earl of Oxford (died 1214)
  • Ranulph de Blondeville, 4th Earl of Chester (died 1232)
• 1175
  • Robert Grosseteste, statesman, theologian and bishop (approximate date; died 1253)
• 1176
  • Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford (died 1220)
  • William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (approximate date; died 1226)
• 1177
  • Robert de Ros, baron (died 1226)

Deaths

• 1170
  • 29 December — Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1118)
• 1171
  • Henry of Blois, bishop of Winchester (born 1111)
• 1173
  • Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford (born 1116)
• 1176
  • 25 October — William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel, politician (born c. 1109)
  • Rosamund Clifford, mistress of Henry II of England (born 1150)
• 1177
  • Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk (born 1095)

References

See also